Based on average emission factors

Based on average emission factors (557.76 gCO 2 /kWh) and the Bitcoin network’s estimated electric load demand (13.39 GW as of August 2025), we estimate that

The New York Digital Investment Group also estimates that Bitcoin mining will account for no extra than .four% of international

Bitcoin mining is estimated to account for .9% of international

Our research adopts a more

The large environmental consequences of bitcoin mining

Our research adopts a more accurate approach by using energy source-specific emission factors for a particular Bitcoin mining country under study and considering

Carbon footprint of global Bitcoin mining: emissions beyond borders

New York Digital Investment Group

UN Study Reveals the Hidden Environmental Impacts

The Environmental Footprint of Bitcoin Mining Across

New York Digital Investment Group (NYDIG) estimates that Bitcoin's energy consumption will remain below 0.5 % of global carbon emissions over the next decade.

Bitcoin mining estimated to represent 0.9% of global

New Report Estimates Bitcoin Mining To Be 0.9% Of

Study shows Bitcoin mining is estimated to represent 0.9% of

New Research Shows Bitcoin Mining Cuts Carbon

Revisiting Bitcoin’s carbon footprint - ScienceDirect